AN ACT IMPLEMENTING THE RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE DEPARTMENT OF MOTOR VEHICLES AND CONCERNING LOW-SPEED VEHICLES, THE TOWING OF OCCUPIED VEHICLES, SCHOOL BUSES, ELECTRIC COMMERCIAL VEHICLES, THE PASSENGER REGISTRATION OF PICK-UP TRUCKS AND REMOVABLE WINDSHIELD PLACARDS FOR PERSONS WHO ARE BLIND AND PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES.

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Public Act No. 24-20

AN ACT IMPLEMENTING THE RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE

DEPARTMENT OF MOTOR VEHICLES AND CONCERNING LOW-

SPEED VEHICLES, THE TOWING OF OCCUPIED VEHICLES,

SCHOOL BUSES, ELECTRIC COMMERCIAL VEHICLES, THE

PASSENGER REGISTRATION OF PICK-UP TRUCKS AND

REMOVABLE WINDSHIELD PLACARDS FOR PERSONS WHO ARE

BLIND AND PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in General

Assembly convened:

Section 1. (NEW) (Effective October 1, 2024) (a) (1) Except as provided

in subdivision (2) of this subsection, no person, firm or corporation shall

engage in the business of electronically filing applications for the

issuance of a certificate of registration or a certificate of title for motor

vehicles with the Department of Motor Vehicles, unless such person,

firm or corporation holds an electronic issuance license issued by the

Commissioner of Motor Vehicles.

(2) A motor vehicle dealer licensed in accordance with section 14-52

of the general statutes and acting pursuant to subsection (c) of section

14-12, subsection (b) of section 14-61 or section 14-61a of the general

statutes, a person, firm or corporation engaging in the business of

leasing or renting motor vehicles licensed and acting pursuant to section

14-15 of the general statutes or a contractor authorized pursuant to

subsection (b) of section 14-41 of the general statutes, may use the

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department's electronic system for filing applications for the issuance of

a certificate of registration or certificate of title, as the case may be,

without obtaining an electronic issuance license.

(3) The Commissioner of Motor Vehicles may require any person,

firm or corporation that files, on average, five or more applications for

the issuance of a certificate of registration or a certificate of title for

motor vehicles each month with the Department of Motor Vehicles to

file such applications electronically and obtain an electronic issuance

license. Any such person, firm or corporation that fails or refuses to file

an application for such issuance electronically upon the request of the

commissioner shall pay a fee of twenty-five dollars to the commissioner

for each such application submitted.

(b) Each applicant for an electronic issuance license shall submit an

application containing such information as the commissioner may

require and pay a license fee in the amount of two hundred fifty dollars.

Each license may be renewed biennially according to renewal schedules

established by the commissioner to effect staggered renewal of such

licenses. If the adoption of a staggered system results in the expiration

of any license more or less than two years from its issuance, the

commissioner may charge a prorated amount for such license fee. Not

less than forty-five days prior to the date of expiration of each such

license, the commissioner shall send or transmit to each licensee, in a

manner determined by the commissioner, an application for renewal.

Any licensee that has not filed the application for renewal accompanied

by the license fee of two hundred fifty dollars prior to the expiration

date of such license shall no longer be permitted to use the department's

electronic system for filing applications for the issuance of a certificate

of registration or certificate of title pursuant to section 14-15d of the

general statutes, as amended by this act. An application for renewal filed

with the commissioner after the date of expiration shall be accompanied

by a late fee of one hundred dollars. The commissioner shall not renew

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any license under this section that has been expired for more than forty-

five days.

furnish surety bonds in the following amounts: (1) Twenty thousand

dollars conditioned upon the applicant or holder complying with the

provisions of any state or federal law or regulation relating to the

conduct of filing applications for the issuance of a certificate of

registration or certificate of title and provided as indemnity for any loss

sustained by any customer of such licensee by reason of the licensee's

failure to comply with such laws or regulations; (2) twenty thousand

dollars provided as security for any monetary loss suffered by the

department as a result of the loss, destruction or misuse of any number

plates assigned to such licensee by the department pursuant to

subsection (f) of this section; and (3) five thousand dollars provided as

security for any monetary loss suffered by the department due to such

licensee's failure to remit registration and title fees received pursuant to

section 14-15d of the general statutes, as amended by this act. The surety

bond furnished pursuant to subdivision (1) of this subsection shall be

executed in the name of the state of Connecticut for the benefit of any

aggrieved customer, but the penalty of the bond shall not be invoked

except upon order of the commissioner after a hearing before the

commissioner in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54 of the

general statutes. The commissioner shall assess an administrative fee of

two hundred dollars against any electronic issuance licensee for failing

to provide proof of bond renewal or replacement on or before the date

of the expiration of the existing bond.

(d) The commissioner may, after notice and an opportunity for a

hearing pursuant to the provisions of chapter 54 of the general statutes,

refuse to issue or renew a license to a person, firm or corporation to

engage in the business of electronically filing applications for the

issuance of a certificate of registration or certificate of title for motor

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vehicles with the department (1) if the applicant for, or holder of, such

a license, or an officer or major stockholder, if the applicant or licensee

is a firm or corporation, has been found liable in a civil action for, or has

been convicted of, a violation of any provision of law (A) pertaining to

the business of electronic filing applications for the issuance of a

certificate of registration or certificate of title, or (B) involving fraud,

larceny, stalking, embezzlement, bribery or deprivation or

misappropriation of property, in the courts of the United States or any

state, or (2) for any reason the commissioner reasonably deems

necessary. Upon renewal of such license, a licensee shall make full

disclosure of any such civil judgment or conviction under penalty of

false statement. Each applicant for the issuance of such license, or if the

applicant is a firm or corporation, each officer or major stockholder of

such firm or corporation, shall be fingerprinted and shall submit to state

and national criminal history records checks, conducted in accordance

with section 29-17a of the general statutes.

(e) The commissioner shall not issue or renew an electronic issuance

license unless the commissioner determines (1) the issuance or renewal

is likely to improve access to services offered by the department or

manage the number of transactions conducted at the main office or

branch office of the department and will not compromise the integrity

and security of the department's electronic system, and (2) the applicant

for such license is capable of ensuring the adequate control and proper

use of number plates and other materials to be provided by the

department pursuant to subsection (f) of this section.

(f) (1) The department shall provide each electronic issuance licensee

with an inventory of number plates and other materials to be used solely

for the registration of transactions performed pursuant to the provisions

of section 14-15d of the general statutes, as amended by this act. Such

licensee shall be responsible for all number plates assigned to such

licensee by the department.

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(2) If a person, firm or corporation holds an electronic issuance license

that is no longer valid, or if an electronic issuance licensee is no longer

conducting its business, such person, firm or corporation or licensee

shall return to the commissioner, not later than five business days after

such license becoming invalid or the termination of such business, (A)

any number plates or other materials supplied by the commissioner to

enable such person, firm or corporation or licensee to perform the

registration of transactions pursuant to section 14-15d of the general

statutes, as amended by this act, and (B) any applications for such

transactions that were not acted upon or completed by such person, firm

or corporation or licensee when it was conducting its business. A

violation of any provision of this subdivision shall be an infraction.

(g) No electronic issuance licensee shall (1) include the words

"Department of Motor Vehicles" or "DMV" or other indication of the

department in the name of the licensee's business, or (2) act in any

manner that misleads consumers to believe that such licensee represents

or is otherwise affiliated with the department.

(h) Except as provided in subdivision (2) of subsection (f) of this

section, the commissioner may, after notice and an opportunity for a

hearing pursuant to the provisions of chapter 54 of the general statutes,

impose a civil penalty of not more than two thousand dollars on any

person, firm or corporation who violates any provision of this section.

Sec. 2. Section 14-15d of the general statutes is repealed and the

following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective October 1, 2024):

[The Commissioner of Motor Vehicles may require any person, firm

or corporation, who in the opinion of the commissioner is qualified and

who is engaged in the business of filing applications for the issuance of

a certificate of registration or a certificate of title for motor vehicles with

the Department of Motor Vehicles, to file such applications

electronically if the commissioner determines that such person, firm or

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corporation files, on average, seven or more such applications each

month. A qualified person, firm or corporation]

(a) Each electronic issuance licensee, licensed pursuant to section 1 of

this act, shall, not later than ten days after the electronic issuance of

[such] a certificate of registration or certificate of title, submit to the

[commissioner] Commissioner of Motor Vehicles an application

together with all necessary documents required to [register] obtain a

certificate of registration or certificate or title for the vehicle with the

[department. Any such person, firm or corporation that fails or refuses

to file such application electronically upon the request of the

commissioner shall pay a twenty-five-dollar fee to the commissioner for

each application submitted.] Department of Motor Vehicles. If such

licensee fails to provide the department with such necessary documents,

the department shall not process the application and shall inform such

licensee of the failure to submit a completed application.

(b) Any electronic issuance licensee who files such applications

electronically shall provide a form, as prescribed by the commissioner,

to the owner or lessee of the motor vehicle that is the subject of such

application. Such form shall include (1) the amount of any fee charged

by such licensee to file such application electronically, (2) a statement

that such licensee is not affiliated with the department, (3) information

regarding how such owner or lessee may file a complaint with the

department concerning a transaction performed pursuant to this

section, and (4) any other information prescribed by the commissioner.

Such licensee shall require such owner or lessee to acknowledge the

information contained in such form by obtaining such owner or lessee's

signature on such form.

electronically pursuant to this section shall charge the owner or lessee

of the motor vehicle that is the subject of any such application a fee in

excess of twenty-five dollars to file such application electronically with

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the department.

(d) The commissioner shall adopt regulations, in accordance with the

provisions of chapter 54, to implement the provisions of this section.

Sec. 3. (NEW) (Effective from passage) On and after January 1, 2025,

each person, firm or corporation that the Commissioner of Motor

Vehicles permitted or required prior to October 1, 2024, to file

applications for the issuance of a certificate of registration or a certificate

of title electronically with the Department of Motor Vehicles pursuant

to section 14-15d of the general statutes, revision of 1958, revised to

January 1, 2024, or any regulation adopted thereunder, shall no longer

be permitted to use the department's electronic system for filing

applications for the issuance of a certificate of registration or a certificate

of title unless such person, firm or corporation holds an electronic

issuance license issued pursuant to section 1 of this act.

Sec. 4. Section 14-35 of the general statutes is repealed and the

following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective October 1, 2024):

(a) Any person who in the opinion of the commissioner is qualified

may apply for a transporter's registration and number plate. The

applicant shall furnish such information as the commissioner requires

on forms to be furnished by the commissioner. All transporter

registrations issued pursuant to this section shall expire annually on the

last day of March. An application for the renewal of a transporter's

registration filed with the commissioner after the expiration date of such

registration shall be accompanied by a late fee of one hundred dollars

per number plate. The commissioner shall not renew any transporter's

registration under this section that has been expired for more than forty-

five days. Not later than January 1, 1989, the commissioner shall adopt

regulations, in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54, specifically

identifying (1) the types of vehicles which may be registered under a

transporter's number plate, and (2) limitations on the use of such plate,

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including the purposes for which such plate may be used.

(b) The [applicant shall] commissioner may issue to the applicant a

general distinguishing number, instead of [registering] requiring the

applicant to register each motor vehicle owned by such applicant or

temporarily in the applicant's custody. [, have issued to such applicant

by the commissioner a general distinguishing number.] Thereupon,

each motor vehicle owned by the applicant or temporarily in the

applicant's custody shall be regarded as registered under, and having

assigned to it, the distinguishing number. The commissioner shall

charge a fee at the rate of two hundred fifty dollars per annum for each

general distinguishing number.

commissioner as provided by section 14-112.

(d) Except as provided in this subsection, no registrant shall rent or

allow or cause to be rented, operate or allow or cause to be operated for

hire, use or cause to be used for the purpose of conveying passengers,

merchandise or freight for hire, or operate as a commercial vehicle with

a load, any motor vehicle registered under a transporter number plate.

The number plate shall not be loaned to any person and shall not be

used by its holder for personal purposes. The registrant who holds a

transporter number plate may operate, or cause to be operated by a bona

fide employee, motor vehicles for the purpose of transportation or

repossession of motor vehicles owned by [him] such registrant or

temporarily in [his] such registrant's custody. Such number plate may

be used for the movement on a contract or other basis of a storage or

office trailer, house trailer, modular building or similar, nonpower

trailing unit having unitized construction and to which a removable axle

assembly is attached. Any dealer in boats may use, or allow or cause to

be used, any trailer so registered for the purpose of transporting a boat

or boats, together with any necessary equipment, between a

demonstration site and [his] such dealer's established place of business.

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(e) Any person who violates any provision of subsection (d) of this

section shall be fined not less than two hundred fifty dollars nor more

than five hundred dollars.

Sec. 5. Subsection (a) of section 14-52a of the general statutes is

repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective October

1, 2024):

(a) The commissioner may, after notice and hearing, refuse to grant

or renew a license to a person, firm or corporation to engage in the

business of selling or repairing motor vehicles pursuant to the

provisions of section 14-52 if the applicant for, or holder of, such a

license, or an officer or major stockholder, if the applicant or licensee is

a firm or corporation, has been found liable in a civil action for odometer

fraud or operating a dealer, repairer or motor vehicle recycler business

without a license, convicted of a violation of any provision of laws

pertaining to the business of a motor vehicle dealer or repairer,

including a motor vehicle recycler, or convicted of any violation of any

provision of laws involving fraud, larceny or deprivation or

misappropriation of property, in the courts of the United States or any

state. Upon renewal of such license, a licensee shall make full disclosure

of any such civil judgment or conviction under penalty of false

statement. Each applicant for such a license shall be fingerprinted and

submit to state and national criminal history records checks, conducted

in accordance with section 29-17a. [, not more than thirty days before

such application is made and provide the results of such records checks

to the Department of Motor Vehicles.] The commissioner may require a

person, firm or corporation to submit its application electronically.

[Upon renewal of such license, a licensee shall make full disclosure of

any such civil judgment or conviction under penalty of false statement.]

Sec. 6. Section 14-67l of the general statutes is repealed and the

following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective October 1, 2024):

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(a) Upon receiving such certificate of approval pursuant to section 14-

67i, each applicant for an issuance of a motor vehicle recycler's license

shall [present] (1) submit such certificate of approval to the

Commissioner of Motor Vehicles, [together with] (2) pay a fee of two

hundred eighty dollars to the commissioner for the examination of the

location or proposed location of each such motor vehicle recycler's yard

or business, [and shall] (3) pay a license fee of seven hundred five dollars

to [said] the commissioner for each motor vehicle recycler's yard or

business, and (4) submit a surety bond in the amount of twenty-five

thousand dollars.

(b) Any surety bond submitted pursuant to subsection (a) or (d) of

this section shall be conditioned upon the applicant or licensee

complying with the provisions of any state or federal law or regulation

relating to the business of operating a motor vehicle recycler's yard and

provided as indemnity for any loss sustained by any aggrieved

customer by reason of any acts of the licensee constituting grounds for

suspension or revocation of the license or such licensee going out of

business. Each surety bond shall be executed in the name of the state of

Connecticut for the benefit of any aggrieved customer, but the penalty

of the bond shall not be invoked except upon order of the commissioner

after a hearing held in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54. The

commissioner shall assess an administrative fee of two hundred dollars

against any licensee for failing to provide proof of bond renewal or

replacement on or before the date of the expiration of the existing bond.

receipt of such certificate of approval, the payment of the required

[license fee] fees, the submission of such surety bond and observance of

regulations required, the commissioner may issue a license, [shall be

issued by the commissioner] provided [, however,] the commissioner

may refuse to grant a license to a person, firm or corporation to engage

in the business of operating a motor vehicle recycler's yard if the

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applicant for such [business] license or an officer or major stockholder,

if the applicant is a firm or corporation, has been convicted of a violation

of any provision of laws pertaining to the business of a motor vehicle

dealer or repairer, including a motor vehicle recycler, in the courts of the

United States or of this state or any state of the United States, in

accordance with the hearing requirements provided for in section 14-

67p.

(d) Any license may be renewed on a biennial basis upon payment of

a fee of seven hundred dollars and submission of a surety bond in the

amount of twenty-five thousand dollars. Each such licensee shall,

instead of registering each motor vehicle owned by [him, make

application] the licensee, apply to the commissioner for a general

distinguishing number and mark, and the commissioner may issue to

the applicant a certificate of registration containing the distinguishing

number and mark assigned to such licensee and, thereupon, each motor

vehicle owned by such licensee shall be regarded as registered under

such general distinguishing number and mark. No licensee may be

issued more than three registrations under a general distinguishing

number and mark in a year, unless [he makes application] the licensee

applies for an additional registration to the commissioner, in such form

and containing such information as [he] the commissioner may require

to substantiate such request. The commissioner may issue to each such

licensee such additional registrations as [he] the commissioner deems

necessary. The licensee shall issue to each person driving such motor

vehicle a document indicating that such person is validly entrusted with

the vehicle, which document shall be carried in the motor vehicle. The

commissioner shall determine the form and contents of [this] such

document. For the registration of each motor vehicle under a general

distinguishing number and mark, the commissioner shall charge a fee

at the rate of seventy dollars per year. Such licensee shall furnish proof

of financial responsibility satisfactory to the commissioner, as [defined]

described in section 14-112. Such number plates may be used as

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provided for under section 14-67n.

[(b)] (e) Each applicant for a recycler's license shall be required to

certify that, to the best of such applicant's knowledge and belief, all the

property to be used for the operation of the yard and business is in

compliance with the provisions of all applicable provisions of title 22a

and all regulations adopted by the Commissioner of Energy and

Environmental Protection pursuant to the provisions of said title. Upon

receipt of such certification and completed application, the

Commissioner of Motor Vehicles shall notify the Commissioner of

Energy and Environmental Protection. The notification shall include a

statement of the location of the subject property and a legal description

thereof. Within forty-five days of receipt of such notification, the

Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection shall inform the

Commissioner of Motor Vehicles if there is any reason to believe that

the property that is proposed to be licensed is not in compliance with

the above referenced statutory and regulatory requirements. If the

Commissioner of Motor Vehicles is informed that there is any such

reason to believe that the subject location is not in compliance with such

requirements, said commissioner may (1) refuse to issue the license, or

(2) issue the license subject to such conditions, including, but not limited

to, the remediation of the conditions causing the suspected violation or

violations, as are acceptable to the Commissioner of Energy and

Environmental Protection.

Sec. 7. Section 14-69 of the 2024 supplement to the general statutes is

repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective October

1, 2024):

(a) No person shall engage in the business of conducting a drivers'

school without being licensed by the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles.

An application for a license shall be in writing and shall contain such

information as the commissioner requires. Each applicant for a license

or the renewal of a license shall be fingerprinted before such application

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is approved. The commissioner shall subject each applicant for a license

or the renewal of a license to state and national criminal history records

checks conducted in accordance with section 29-17a, and a check of the

state child abuse and neglect registry established pursuant to section

17a-101k. If any such applicant has a criminal record or is listed on the

state child abuse and neglect registry, the commissioner shall make a

determination whether to issue a license or renew a license to conduct a

drivers' school in accordance with the standards and procedures set

forth in section 14-44 and the regulations adopted pursuant to said

section. If the application is approved, the applicant shall be granted a

license upon (1) the payment of a fee of seven hundred dollars, and (2)

for each place of business operated by such drivers' school, the

submission of a surety bond in the amount of fifty thousand dollars

from a surety company authorized to do business in this state,

conditioned upon the faithful performance by the applicant of any

contract to furnish instruction. [, in such amount as the commissioner

may require.] Such surety bond shall be held by the commissioner to

satisfy any execution issued against such school in a cause arising out of

failure of such school to perform such contract. A licensee may operate

a drivers' school at an additional place of business, provided such

licensee holds a license to conduct such school at each such additional

place of business and complies with the requirements of this part and

the regulations adopted under section 14-78. For each additional place

of business of such school, the commissioner shall charge a fee of one

hundred seventy-six dollars, except if the licensee opens an additional

place of business with one year or less remaining on the term of its

license, the commissioner shall charge a fee of eighty-eight dollars for

each such additional place of business for the year, or any part thereof,

remaining on the term of such license. No license or surety bond shall

be required in the case of any board of education, or any public, private

or parochial school, which conducts a course in driver education

established in accordance with sections 14-36e and 14-36f. A license so

issued shall be valid for two years. The commissioner shall issue a

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license certificate or certificates to each licensee, one of which shall be

displayed in each place of business of the licensee. In case of the loss,

mutilation or destruction of a license certificate, the commissioner shall

issue a duplicate license certificate to the licensee upon proof of the facts

and the payment of a fee of twenty dollars.

(b) The biennial fee for the renewal of a license shall be seven hundred

dollars and the biennial renewal fee for each additional place of business

shall be one hundred seventy-six dollars, except if the licensee opens an

additional place of business with one year or less remaining on the term

of its license, the commissioner shall charge a fee of eighty-eight dollars

for each such additional place of business for the year, or any part

thereof, remaining on the term of such license. If the commissioner has

not received a complete renewal application and all applicable renewal

fees on or before the expiration date of an applicant's license, the

commissioner shall charge such applicant, in addition to such renewal

fees, a late fee of seven hundred dollars. Upon the expiration date of a

license, the licensee shall cease to conduct business until such time as

the licensee's application for renewal is approved by the commissioner.

The commissioner shall not renew any license under this section that

has expired for more than sixty days and the holder of any such expired

license may apply for a new license in accordance with the provisions

of this section.

school without being licensed in accordance with this section shall be

guilty of a class B misdemeanor.

Sec. 8. Section 14-73 of the general statutes is repealed and the

following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective October 1, 2024):

(a) (1) No person shall be employed by a drivers' school to give

instruction in driving a motor vehicle unless such person is licensed to

act as an instructor or master instructor by the commissioner.

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(2) The drivers' school employing an instructor's licensee or a master

instructor's licensee shall be responsible for ensuring any such licensee

is in compliance with the requirements of this part and any regulations

adopted under section 14-78.

(b) Application for an instructor's license or a master instructor's

license shall be in writing and shall contain such information as the

commissioner requires. Each applicant for [a] an instructor's license or a

master instructor's license, or for any renewal thereof, shall be

fingerprinted and shall furnish evidence satisfactory to the

commissioner that such applicant: (1) Is of good moral character

considering such person's state and national criminal history records

checks conducted in accordance with section 29-17a, and record, if any,

on the state child abuse and neglect registry established pursuant to

section 17a-101k. If any applicant for a license or the renewal of a license

has a criminal record or is listed on the state child abuse and neglect

registry, the commissioner shall make a determination of whether to

issue or renew an instructor's license or master instructor's license in

accordance with the standards and procedures set forth in section 14-44

and the regulations adopted pursuant to said section; (2) has held a

license to drive a motor vehicle for the past five consecutive years and

has a driving record satisfactory to the commissioner, including no

record of a conviction or administrative license suspension for a drug or

alcohol-related offense during such five-year period; (3) has passed a

physical examination, administered not more than ninety days prior to

the date of application, by a physician, physician assistant or an

advanced practice registered nurse licensed to practice within the state

and the physician, physician assistant or advanced practice registered

nurse certifies that the applicant is physically fit to operate a motor

vehicle and provide instruction in driving; (4) has received a high school

diploma or has an equivalent academic education; and (5) has

completed an instructor training course of forty-five clock hours given

by a school or agency approved by the commissioner, except that any

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such course given by an institution under the jurisdiction of the board

of trustees of the Connecticut State University System shall be approved

by the commissioner and the State Board of Education. During the

period of licensure, an instructor shall notify the commissioner, within

forty-eight hours, of an arrest or conviction for a misdemeanor or felony,

or an arrest, conviction or administrative license suspension for a drug

or alcohol-related offense. Upon such notification, the commissioner

may suspend, revoke or withdraw the instructor's license or master

instructor's license pursuant to the provisions of section 14-79, as

amended by this act.

instructor's license or a master instructor's license if the commissioner

determines that the applicant has made a material false statement or

concealed a material fact in connection with [his or her] such person's

application for the instructor's license or master instructor's license.

(d) The commissioner shall conduct such written, oral and practical

examinations, as the commissioner deems necessary, to determine

whether an applicant has sufficient skill in the operation of motor

vehicles to ensure their safe operation, a satisfactory knowledge of the

motor vehicle laws and the ability to impart such skill and knowledge

to others. If the applicant successfully completes the examinations and

meets all other requirements of this section, the commissioner shall issue

an instructor's license or a master instructor's license, as the case may

be, to such applicant. The license shall be valid for use only in

connection with a drivers' school or schools licensed pursuant to section

14-69, as amended by this act. If the applicant fails the examination, such

applicant may apply for reexamination after five days. The license and

the license renewal shall be valid for two years.

(e) The licensee shall be reexamined periodically in accordance with

standards specified in regulations adopted under section 14-78.

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(f) The commissioner may establish, by regulations adopted in

accordance with the provisions of chapter 54, standards and procedures

for the training and licensing of master instructors who are qualified to

train driving instructors.

(g) The fee for an instructor's license, or for any renewal thereof, shall

be one hundred dollars. The fee for a master instructor's license, or for

any renewal thereof, shall be two hundred dollars. If the commissioner

has not received a complete renewal application and fee on or before the

expiration date of an applicant's license, such applicant shall be charged,

in addition to the renewal fee, a late fee in an amount equal to the fee

for such applicant's license. The commissioner shall not renew an

instructor's license or a master instructor's license that has expired for

more than sixty days and the holder of any such expired license may

apply for a new license in accordance with the provisions of this section.

(h) An instructor's licensee or a master instructor's licensee shall

prominently display or wear an identification badge issued by the

employing drivers' school at all times when providing classroom or

behind-the-wheel instruction. Such identification badge shall include

the licensee's name, photograph and license number, the expiration date

of such license and the name of the employing drivers' school. The

employing drivers' school shall be responsible for ensuring an

instructor's licensee and master instructor's licensee wears such

identification badge in accordance with the provisions of this

subsection.

[(h)] (i) Any person who is not licensed in accordance with this

section shall be guilty of a class B misdemeanor if such person: (1)

Engages in the business of providing, for compensation, instruction in

driving a motor vehicle; or (2) is employed by a drivers' school to give

instruction in driving a motor vehicle.

Sec. 9. Section 14-79 of the general statutes is repealed and the

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following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective October 1, 2024):

(a) Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, the

Commissioner of Motor Vehicles may, after notice and an opportunity

for a hearing, in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54, (1)

suspend, revoke or withdraw the license or licenses of any licensee, or

(2) impose a civil penalty of not more than one thousand dollars for each

violation on any person or firm, that violates any provision of this part

or any regulation adopted under section 14-78. In addition to, or in lieu

of, the imposition of any penalty authorized by this section, the

commissioner may order any such licensee, person or firm to make

restitution to any aggrieved customer.

(b) If the commissioner determines that an imminent threat to public

safety or welfare exists by reason of a licensee's continued possession of

an instructor's license or a master instructor's license, the commissioner

shall suspend, revoke or withdraw such license and schedule a hearing,

in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54, not later than twenty

days after the date of such suspension, revocation or withdrawal.

Sec. 10. Section 14-103a of the general statutes is repealed and the

following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective July 1, 2024):

[Any motor vehicle that (1) has been reconstructed, (2) is composed

or assembled from the several parts of other motor vehicles, (3) the

identification and body contours of which are so altered that the vehicle

no longer bears the characteristics of any specific make of motor vehicle,

or (4)]

(a) For the purposes of this section:

(1) "Altered vehicle" means a motor vehicle that has been materially

modified from its original construction by the removal, addition or

substitution of essential parts, new or used;

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(2) "Composite vehicle" means a motor vehicle that is (A) composed

or assembled from several parts of other motor vehicles, (B) assembled

from a motor vehicle kit, or (C) has been altered, assembled or modified

from the original manufacturer's specifications;

(3) "Grey-market vehicle" means a motor vehicle that is manufactured

for use outside of, and imported into, the United States and is not

certified to meet motor vehicle safety standards promulgated by the

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration or emission standards

promulgated by the federal Environmental Protection Agency at the

time the motor vehicle was manufactured;

(4) "Major component part" has the same meaning as provided in

subsection (a) of section 14-149a; and

(5) "Salvage vehicle" means a motor vehicle that has been declared a

total loss by any insurance carrier and subsequently reconstructed. [,]

(b) Any motor vehicle that the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles

deems to be an altered vehicle, composite vehicle, grey-market vehicle

or salvage vehicle shall be inspected by the commissioner to determine

whether the vehicle is properly equipped [,] and in good mechanical

condition. [and in the possession of its lawful owner.] The model year

designation for the purpose of registration of a composite motor vehicle

inspected in accordance with the provisions of this section shall be the

model year that the body of such composite motor vehicle most closely

resembles. [Such vehicle shall be presented for inspection at any

Department of Motor Vehicles office to conduct such inspection. The

commissioner may require any person presenting any such

reassembled, altered or reconstructed vehicle for inspection to provide

proof of lawful purchase of any major component parts not part of the

vehicle when first sold by the manufacturer] Any altered vehicle,

composite vehicle or grey-market vehicle shall be presented for

inspection at a location of the Department of Motor Vehicles designated

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by the commissioner. Any salvage vehicle shall be presented for

inspection at any motor vehicle dealer or repairer who is licensed in

accordance with section 14-52 and authorized by the commissioner to

perform such inspection. The commissioner may require [, in

accordance with the provisions of this section,] the inspection of any

other motor vehicle that has not been manufactured by a person, firm

or corporation licensed in accordance with the provisions of section 14-

67a.

vehicle, composite vehicle, grey-market vehicle or salvage vehicle for

inspection to provide proof of lawful purchase of any major component

part that was not part of the vehicle when first sold by the manufacturer.

(d) The fee for any inspection required by the provisions of this

section shall be eighty-eight dollars. The inspection fee shall be in

addition to regular registration fees. [As used in this section,

"reconstructed" refers to each motor vehicle materially altered from its

original construction by the removal, addition or substitution of

essential parts, new or used.]

Sec. 11. Subsection (b) of section 14-276a of the 2024 supplement to

the general statutes is repealed and the following is substituted in lieu

thereof (Effective July 1, 2024):

(b) No person shall operate a school bus, as defined in section 14-275,

or a student transportation vehicle, as defined in section 14-212, for the

purpose of transporting school children unless such person has, prior to

the issuance or renewal of such person's license endorsement: (1)

Furnished evidence to the satisfaction of the commissioner that such

person meets the physical qualification standards established in 49 CFR

391, as amended from time to time; and (2) successfully completed a

course in safety training and, in the case of school bus operators, passed

an examination in proficiency in school bus operation given by the

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commissioner. Such proficiency examination shall include a road test

administered in [either a type I school bus having a gross vehicle weight

exceeding ten thousand pounds or a type II school bus having a gross

vehicle weight of ten thousand pounds or less] the appropriate type of

school bus based on the public passenger endorsement that such person

seeks to hold or renew. Any person who is administered a road test in a

school bus with a gross vehicle weight rating not exceeding twenty-six

thousand pounds shall not be eligible for a license to operate a school

bus with a gross vehicle weight rating exceeding twenty-six thousand

pounds. The commissioner shall prioritize scheduling a road test for

persons seeking or renewing a public passenger endorsement to operate

a school bus. [Any operator administered a road test in a type II school

bus shall not be eligible for a license to operate a type I school bus.] Any

person who violates any provision of this subsection shall be deemed to

have committed an infraction.

Sec. 12. (NEW) (Effective October 1, 2024) On and after October 1, 2024,

each commercial driver's instruction permit issued by the

Commissioner of Motor Vehicles prior to October 1, 2024, that is

otherwise valid, shall remain valid, according to its terms, and shall

authorize each license holder to drive a commercial motor vehicle when

accompanied in such vehicle by the holder of a commercial driver's

license in accordance with the provisions of section 14-44e of the general

statutes, revision of 1958, revised to January 1, 2024, until the expiration

of the commercial driver's instruction permit.

Sec. 13. Section 14-44c of the 2024 supplement to the general statutes

is repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective

October 1, 2024):

(a) The application for a commercial driver's license or commercial

[driver's instruction] learner's permit, shall include the following:

(1) The full name and current mailing and residence address of the

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person;

(2) A physical description of the person, including gender, height and

eye color;

(3) Date of birth;

(4) The applicant's Social Security number;

(5) The person's statement, under oath, that such person meets the

physical qualification standards set forth in 49 CFR 391, as amended

from time to time;

(6) The person's statement, under oath, that the type of vehicle in

which the person has taken or intends to take the driving skills test is

representative of the type of motor vehicle the person operates or

intends to operate;

(7) The person's statement, under oath, that such person is not subject

to disqualification, suspension, revocation or cancellation of operating

privileges in any state, and that he or she does not hold an operator's

license in any other state;

(8) The person's identification of all states in which such person has

been licensed to drive any type of motor vehicle during the last ten

years, and the person's statement, under oath that he or she does not

hold an operator's license in any other state; and

(9) The person's signature, and certification of the accuracy and

completeness of the application, subject to the penalties of false

statement under section 53a-157b. The application shall be accompanied

by the fee prescribed in section 14-44h.

(b) No person who has been a resident of this state for thirty days

may drive a commercial motor vehicle under the authority of a

commercial driver's license issued by another jurisdiction.

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applicant shall make the applicable certification, as required by 49 CFR

383.71(b), regarding the type of commerce in which such person shall

engage. No commercial driver's license shall be issued to a person who

fails to make such certification.

(d) On and after November 18, 2024, the commissioner shall request

a driver's record from the Drug and Alcohol Clearinghouse, in

accordance with 49 CFR 382.725, as amended from time to time, for any

person who applies for, renews, transfers or upgrades a commercial

driver's license or a commercial [driver's instruction] learner's permit.

The commissioner shall use information obtained from the Drug and

Alcohol Clearinghouse solely for the purpose of determining whether

such person is qualified to operate a commercial motor vehicle and shall

not disclose such information to any other person or entity not directly

involved in determining whether such person is qualified to operate a

commercial motor vehicle. If the commissioner receives notification

pursuant to 49 CFR 382.501(a), as amended from time to time, that such

person is prohibited from operating a commercial motor vehicle, the

commissioner shall not issue, renew or upgrade the commercial driver's

license or commercial [driver's instruction] learner's permit. If such

person currently holds a commercial driver's license or commercial

[driver's instruction] learner's permit, the commissioner shall, not later

than sixty days after the date the commissioner receives such

notification: (1) Downgrade the commercial driver's license to a Class D

operator's license, or (2) cancel the commercial [driver's instruction]

learner's permit. Any person who is denied a commercial driver's

license or a commercial [driver's instruction] learner's permit, or whose

license or permit is downgraded or cancelled pursuant to this

subsection, shall be granted an opportunity for a hearing in accordance

with the provisions of chapter 54.

(e) In addition to other penalties provided by law, any person who

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knowingly falsifies information or certifications required under

subsection (a) of this section shall have such person's operator's license

or privilege to operate a motor vehicle in this state suspended for sixty

days.

Sec. 14. Subsection (h) of section 13b-118 of the general statutes is

repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective October

1, 2024):

(h) The Commissioner of Motor Vehicles shall not require a

transportation network company driver to: (1) Obtain a commercial

driver's license or commercial [driver's instruction] learner's permit

pursuant to section 14-44c, as amended by this act; or (2) register the

driver's transportation network company vehicle as a commercial

vehicle.

Sec. 15. Subdivision (87) of section 14-1 of the general statutes is

repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective October

1, 2024):

(87) "Serious traffic violation" means a conviction of any of the

following offenses: (A) Excessive speeding, involving a single offense in

which the speed is fifteen miles per hour or more above the posted

speed limit, in violation of section 14-218a or 14-219; (B) reckless driving

in violation of section 14-222; (C) following too closely in violation of

section 14-240 or 14-240a; (D) improper or erratic lane changes, in

violation of section 14-236; (E) using a hand-held mobile telephone or

other electronic device or typing, reading or sending text or a text

message with or from a mobile telephone or mobile electronic device in

violation of subsection (e) of section 14-296aa while operating a

commercial motor vehicle; (F) driving a commercial motor vehicle

without a valid commercial driver's license in violation of section 14-36a

or 14-44a, as amended by this act; (G) failure to carry a commercial

driver's license in violation of section 14-44a, as amended by this act; (H)

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failure to have the proper class of license or endorsement, or violation

of a license restriction in violation of section 14-44a, as amended by this

act; or (I) a violation of any provision of chapter 248, by an operator who

holds a commercial driver's license or [instruction] learner's permit that

results in the death of another person;

Sec. 16. Subsection (a) of section 14-36l of the general statutes is

repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective October

1, 2024):

(a) As used in this section, "license" means a motor vehicle operator's

license, commercial driver's license or [instruction] learner's permit

issued pursuant to this chapter or an identity card issued pursuant to

section 1-1h.

Sec. 17. Subsection (b) of section 14-44a of the general statutes is

repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective October

1, 2024):

(b) The provisions of subsection (a) of this section shall not apply to

(1) the holder of a commercial [driver's instruction] learner's permit

when accompanied in the vehicle by the holder of a commercial driver's

license, (2) any military personnel who operate commercial motor

vehicles solely in connection with their military duties, in accordance

with 49 CFR 383.3(c), or (3) any member of the Connecticut National

Guard who is qualified to operate a military or commercial motor

vehicle in accordance with 49 CFR 383.3(c) and operates such vehicle

while performing state military duty.

Sec. 18. Subsection (b) of section 14-44e of the general statutes is

repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective October

1, 2024):

(b) The commissioner shall not issue a commercial driver's license or

a commercial [driver's instruction] learner's permit to any applicant

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who does not meet the physical qualification standards set forth in 49

CFR 391, as amended from time to time. As required by 49 CFR

383.71(h), each applicant for a commercial driver's license or commercial

[driver's instruction] learner's permit shall provide to the commissioner

a copy of a medical examiner's certificate, prepared by a medical

examiner, as defined in 49 CFR 390.5, indicating that such applicant is

medically certified to operate a commercial motor vehicle. For each

applicant who has submitted such medical certification and who has

also certified, in accordance with 49 CFR 383.71(b) and subsection (c) of

section 14-44c, as amended by this act, that such applicant operates in

nonexcepted interstate commerce, the commissioner shall post a

medical certification status of "certified" on the Commercial Driver's

License Information System driver record for such applicant. The holder

of a commercial driver's license who has not been examined and

certified as qualified to operate a commercial motor vehicle during the

preceding twenty-four months, or a shorter period as indicated by the

medical examiner submitting such certificate, shall be required to

submit a new medical certificate. The commissioner shall not issue a

commercial driver's license or commercial [driver's instruction]

learner's permit to any applicant or holder who fails to submit the

medical certification required by this section. If the holder of a

commercial driver's license or commercial [driver's instruction]

learner's permit fails to submit a new medical examiner's certificate

before the expiration of twenty-four months or the period specified by

the medical examiner, whichever is shorter, the commissioner shall, not

later than sixty days after the date that such holder's medical status

becomes uncertified: (1) Downgrade the commercial driver's license to

a Class D operator's license; or (2) cancel the commercial [driver's

instruction] learner's permit. Any applicant or holder who is denied a

commercial driver's license or a commercial [driver's instruction]

learner's permit, or whose license or permit is disqualified, suspended,

revoked or cancelled pursuant to this subsection, shall be granted an

opportunity for a hearing in accordance with the provisions of chapter

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54.

Sec. 19. Subsections (g) and (h) of section 14-44e of the general statutes

are repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective

October 1, 2024):

(g) The commissioner may issue a commercial [driver's instruction]

learner's permit to any person who holds a valid operator's license. Such

permit may be issued for a period not exceeding one year. Any holder

of a commercial [driver's instruction] learner's permit who has not

obtained a commercial driver's license on or before the expiration date

of such permit shall be required to retake the commercial driver's license

knowledge test and any applicable endorsement knowledge tests. The

holder of a commercial [driver's instruction] learner's permit may,

unless otherwise disqualified or suspended, drive a commercial motor

vehicle if such holder is accompanied by the holder of a commercial

driver's license of the appropriate class and bearing endorsements for

the type of vehicle being driven who occupies a seat beside the

individual for the purpose of giving instruction in driving the

commercial motor vehicle. The commissioner shall not administer a

commercial driver's license driving skills test to any holder of a

commercial [driver's instruction] learner's permit unless such person

has held such permit for a minimum period of fourteen days.

(h) (1) The commissioner shall deny or disqualify for a period of sixty

days a commercial [driver's instruction] learner's permit or commercial

driver's license if it is determined that an applicant or holder has

provided false information on any certification the applicant or holder

is required to give relative to such permit or license application.

(2) If an applicant or holder is suspected of fraud related to the

issuance of a commercial [driver's instruction] learner's permit or

commercial driver's license, such applicant or holder shall be required

to schedule the commercial driver's license knowledge test and driving

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skills test not later than thirty days after notification by the

commissioner of the suspected fraud. Failure to schedule both such tests

or failure to pass both such tests shall result in disqualification of such

permit or license and the applicant or holder shall be required to reapply

for the permit or license.

(3) Any applicant or holder convicted of fraud related to the issuance

of a commercial [driver's instruction] learner's permit or commercial

driver's license shall have such applicant's or holder's permit or license

disqualified for one year from the date of conviction and shall be

required to retake such tests.

Sec. 20. Subsection (b) of section 14-44i of the general statutes is

repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective October

1, 2024):

(b) There shall be charged for each commercial driver's license

knowledge test a fee of sixteen dollars. There shall be charged for each

commercial driver's license skills test a fee of thirty dollars. There shall

be charged for each commercial [driver's instruction] learner's permit a

fee of twenty dollars.

Sec. 21. Subsection (h) of section 14-44k of the general statutes is

repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective October

1, 2024):

(h) A person is disqualified for life if such person commits two or

more of the offenses specified in subsection (b) of this section, or if such

person is the subject of two or more findings by the commissioner under

subsection (c) of this section, or any combination of those offenses or

findings, arising from two or more separate incidents. A person is

disqualified for life if the commissioner takes suspension actions against

such person for two or more alcohol test refusals or test failures, or any

combination of such actions, arising from two or more separate

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incidents. Any person disqualified for life, except a person disqualified

under subsection (g) of this section, who has both voluntarily enrolled

in and successfully completed an appropriate rehabilitation program, as

determined by the commissioner, may apply for reinstatement of such

person's commercial driver's license or commercial [driver's instruction]

learner's permit, provided any such applicant shall not be eligible for

reinstatement until such time as such person has served a minimum

disqualification period of ten years. An application for reinstatement

shall be accompanied by documentation satisfactory to the

commissioner that such person has both voluntarily enrolled in and

successfully completed a program established and operated by the

Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services pursuant to

chapter 319j, a program operated through a substance abuse treatment

facility licensed in accordance with section 19a-491 or the equivalent of

either program offered in another state. The commissioner shall not

reinstate a commercial driver's license or commercial [driver's

instruction] learner's permit that was disqualified for life unless an

applicant for reinstatement requests an administrative hearing in

accordance with chapter 54, and offers evidence that the reinstatement

of such applicant's commercial driver's license or commercial [driver's

instruction] learner's permit does not endanger the public safety or

welfare. Such evidence shall include, but not be limited to, proof that

such applicant has not been convicted of any offense involving alcohol,

a controlled substance or a drug during a period of ten years following

the date of such applicant's most recent lifetime disqualification. If a

person whose commercial driver's license or commercial [driver's

instruction] learner's permit is reinstated under this subsection is

subsequently convicted of another disqualifying offense, such person

shall be permanently disqualified for life and shall be ineligible to

reapply for a reduction of the lifetime disqualification. The following

shall remain on the driving history record of a commercial motor vehicle

operator or commercial driver's license or commercial [driver's

instruction] learner's permit holder for a period of fifty-five years, as

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required by 49 CFR Part 384, as amended from time to time: (1) Any

offense specified in subsection (b) or (c) of this section, provided such

offense occurred on or after December 29, 2006; (2) each of two or more

offenses specified in subsection (b) or (c) of this section that occur within

ten years of each other and result in a lifetime disqualification,

regardless of when such offenses occur; (3) any conviction under

subsection (g) of this section for using a motor vehicle in the commission

of a felony involving the manufacture, distribution or dispensing of a

controlled substance, committed on or after January 1, 2005.

Sec. 22. Subsection (k) of section 14-44k of the general statutes is

repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective October

1, 2024):

(k) After taking disqualification action, or suspending, revoking or

cancelling a commercial driver's license or commercial [driver's

instruction] learner's permit, the commissioner shall update the

commissioner's records to reflect such action within ten days. After

taking disqualification action, or suspending, revoking or cancelling the

operating privileges of a commercial motor vehicle operator or a

commercial driver who is licensed or holds a commercial [driver's

instruction] learner's permit in another state, the commissioner shall

notify the licensing state of such action within ten days. Such

notification shall identify the violation that caused such disqualification,

suspension, cancellation or revocation.

Sec. 23. Subsection (a) of section 17a-696 of the general statutes is

repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective October

1, 2024):

(a) The provisions of this section shall not apply to any person

charged with a violation of section 14-227a, 14-227g or 14-227m,

subdivision (1) or (2) of subsection (a) of section 14-227n or section 53a-

56b or 53a-60d or with a class A, B or C felony or to any person who was

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twice previously ordered treated under this section, subsection (i) of

section 17-155y, section 19a-386 or section 21a-284 of the general statutes

revised to 1989, or any combination thereof. The court may waive the

ineligibility provisions of this subsection for any person, except that the

court shall not waive the ineligibility provisions of this subsection for

any person charged with a violation of section 14-227a, 14-227g, 53a-56b

or 53a-60d if, at the time of the offense, such person was operating a

commercial vehicle, as defined in section 14-1, as amended by this act,

or held a commercial driver's license or a commercial [driver's

instruction] learner's permit.

Sec. 24. Subsection (a) of section 17b-137a of the general statutes is

repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective October

1, 2024):

(a) The Social Security number of the applicant shall be recorded on

each (1) application for a license, certification or permit to engage in a

profession or occupation regulated pursuant to the provisions of title

19a, 20 or 21; (2) application for a commercial driver's license or

commercial [driver's instruction] learner's permit completed pursuant

to subsection (a) of section 14-44c, as amended by this act; and (3)

application for a marriage license made under section 46b-25.

Sec. 25. Subsection (c) of section 54-56e of the general statutes is

repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective October

1, 2024):

with (A) a class A felony, (B) a class B felony, except a violation of

subdivision (1) or (2) of subsection (a) of section 53a-122 that does not

involve the use, attempted use or threatened use of physical force

against another person, or a violation of subdivision (3) of subsection (a)

of section 53a-122 that does not involve the use, attempted use or

threatened use of physical force against another person and does not

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involve a violation by a person who is a public official, as defined in

section 1-110, or a state or municipal employee, as defined in section 1-

110, or (C) a violation of section 53a-70b of the general statutes, revision

of 1958, revised to January 1, 2019, or section 14-227a or 14-227m,

subdivision (1) or (2) of subsection (a) of section 14-227n, subdivision (2)

of subsection (a) of section 53-21 or section 53a-56b, 53a-60d, 53a-70, 53a-

70a, 53a-71, except as provided in subdivision (5) of this subsection, 53a-

72a, 53a-72b, 53a-90a, 53a-196e or 53a-196f, (2) to any person charged

with a crime or motor vehicle violation who, as a result of the

commission of such crime or motor vehicle violation, causes the death

of another person, (3) to any person accused of a family violence crime

as defined in section 46b-38a who (A) is eligible for the pretrial family

violence education program established under section 46b-38c, or (B)

has previously had the pretrial family violence education program

invoked in such person's behalf, (4) to any person charged with a

violation of section 21a-267, 21a-279 or 21a-279a, who (A) is eligible for

the pretrial drug education and community service program established

under section 54-56i or the pretrial drug intervention and community

service program established under section 54-56q, or (B) has previously

had (i) the pretrial drug education program, (ii) the pretrial drug

education and community service program established under the

provisions of section 54-56i, or (iii) the pretrial drug intervention and

community service program established under section 54-56q, invoked

on such person's behalf, (5) unless good cause is shown, to (A) any

person charged with a class C felony, or (B) any person charged with

committing a violation of subdivision (1) of subsection (a) of section 53a-

71 while such person was less than four years older than the other

person, (6) to any person charged with a violation of section 9-359 or 9-

359a, (7) to any person charged with a motor vehicle violation (A) while

operating a commercial motor vehicle, as defined in section 14-1, as

amended by this act, or (B) who holds a commercial driver's license or

commercial [driver's instruction] learner's permit at the time of the

violation, (8) to any person charged with a violation of subdivision (6)

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of subsection (a) of section 53a-60, (9) to a health care provider or vendor

participating in the state's Medicaid program charged with a violation

of section 53a-122 or subdivision (3) of subsection (a) of section 53a-123,

or (10) to any person charged with a violation of section 15-132a, [15,133]

15-133 or 15-140n.

Sec. 26. Subsection (h) of section 54-56g of the general statutes is

repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective October

1, 2024):

(h) The provisions of this section shall not be applicable in the case of

any person charged with a violation of section 14-227a or 14-227m or

subdivision (1) or (2) of subsection (a) of section 14-227n (1) while

operating a commercial motor vehicle, as defined in section 14-1, as

amended by this act, or (2) who holds a commercial driver's license or

commercial [driver's instruction] learner's permit at the time of the

violation.

Sec. 27. Subsection (b) of section 54-56p of the general statutes is

repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective October

1, 2024):

(b) This section shall not be applicable to any person (1) who, at the

time of the motor vehicle violation, holds a commercial driver's license

or commercial [driver's instruction] learner's permit or is operating a

commercial motor vehicle, as defined in section 14-1, as amended by this

act, or (2) charged with a motor vehicle violation causing serious injury

or death, a motor vehicle violation classified as a felony unless good

cause is shown, or a violation of section 14-227a, 14-227g or 14-296aa.

Sec. 28. Subsection (a) of section 54-56r of the 2024 supplement to the

general statutes is repealed and the following is substituted in lieu

thereof (Effective October 1, 2024):

(a) (1) There is established a pretrial impaired driving intervention

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program for persons charged with a violation of section 14-227a, 14-

227g, 14-227m, 14-227n, subsection (d) of section 15-133 or section 15-

140n. The program shall consist of a twelve-session alcohol education

component or a substance use treatment component of not less than

fifteen sessions, and may also include a victim impact component, as

ordered by the court pursuant to subsection (d) of this section.

(2) The provisions of this section shall not apply to any person:

(A) Who has been placed in the pretrial impaired driving intervention

program under this section or the pretrial alcohol education program

established under section 54-56g, as amended by this act, within ten

years immediately preceding the application;

(B) Who has been convicted of a violation of section 14-227a, 14-227g,

14-227m, 14-227n, 15-132a, subsection (d) of section 15-133 or section 15-

140l, 15-140n, 53a-56b or 53a-60d;

offense the essential elements of which are substantially the same as any

statutory provision set forth in subparagraph (B) of this subdivision;

(D) Who is charged with a violation of section 14-227a, 14-227g, 14-

227m or 14-227n (i) and held a commercial driver's license or

commercial [driver's instruction] learner's permit at the time of the

violation; or (ii) while operating a commercial motor vehicle, as defined

in section 14-1, as amended by this act; or

(3) Whose alleged violation caused the serious physical injury, as

defined in section 53a-3, of another person, unless good cause is shown.

Sec. 29. Subsection (b) of section 14-212e of the general statutes is

repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective July 1,

2024):

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(b) The council shall be comprised of the following members: The

Commissioners of Transportation, [Public Safety] Emergency Services

and Public Protection and Motor Vehicles, or their designees; the

president of the Connecticut Employees Union Independent, or such

person's designee; the president of the Connecticut State Police Union,

or such person's designee; and a representative of the Connecticut

Construction Industries Association, designated by the president of said

association. Appointees should be persons with knowledge and

experience concerning highway work zones. Appointments to the

council shall be made not later than November 1, 2008. The chairperson

of the council shall be appointed by the Governor and shall convene the

first meeting of the council not later than December 1, 2008.

Sec. 30. Subdivision (2) of subsection (a) of section 14-10 of the general

statutes is repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof

(Effective October 1, 2024):

(2) "Motor vehicle record" means any record that pertains to an

operator's license, instruction or learner's permit, identity card,

registration, certificate of title or any other document issued by the

Department of Motor Vehicles. "Motor vehicle record" does not include

any record relating to vessels and certificates of title for vessels, as

provided in section 15-210;

Sec. 31. Subsection (c) of section 14-36d of the general statutes is

repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective October

1, 2024):

instruction or learner's permit or an identity card pursuant to this title

or section 1-1h by any method that the commissioner deems to be secure

and efficient. If the commissioner determines that an applicant has met

all conditions for such issuance, renewal or duplication, the

commissioner may require that such license, instruction or learner's

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permit or identity card be produced at a centralized location and mailed

to the applicant. The commissioner may issue a temporary license,

instruction or learner's permit or identity card for use by the applicant

for the period prior to the applicant's receipt of the permanent license,

instruction or learner's permit or identity card. Such temporary license,

instruction or learner's permit or identity card shall not be required to

contain a photograph or digital image of the applicant as specified in

subdivision (8) of subsection (a) of section 14-36h. Such temporary

license, instruction or learner's permit or identity card shall have an

expiration date not later than thirty days after the date of issuance and

shall remain valid until the earlier of such expiration date or the date the

applicant receives such license, instruction or learner's permit or

identity card.

Sec. 32. Subsection (a) of section 14-42a of the general statutes is

repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective October

1, 2024):

(a) The Commissioner of Motor Vehicles and the Commissioner of

Administrative Services shall enter into an agreement with one or more

federally designated organ and tissue procurement organizations to

provide to such organizations access to the names, dates of birth and

other pertinent information of holders of operator's licenses, instruction

or learner's permits and identity cards issued pursuant to section 1-1h

who have registered with the Department of Motor Vehicles an intent

to become organ and tissue donors. Such access shall be provided in a

manner and form to be determined by the commissioners, following

consultation with such organizations, and may include electronic

transmission of initial information and periodic updating of

information. The Commissioner of Motor Vehicles shall not charge a fee

for such access pursuant to section 14-50a, but may charge such

organizations reasonable administrative costs. Information provided to

such organizations shall be used solely for identifying such holders as

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organ and tissue donors.

Sec. 33. (NEW) (Effective October 1, 2024) (a) A person may operate a

low-speed vehicle on a highway with an established speed limit of not

more than twenty-five miles per hour, unless the traffic authority of any

town, city or borough or the Office of State Traffic Administration, as

provided in section 14-298 of the general statutes, prohibits or otherwise

limits the operation of low-speed vehicles on any highway under the

jurisdiction of such traffic authority or office.

(b) No person may operate a low-speed vehicle unless such vehicle is

equipped in accordance with the requirements of sections 14-80 to 14-

106b, inclusive, of the general statutes, except insofar as any

requirement of said sections is inapplicable to or inconsistent with the

design and equipment standards for low-speed vehicles as required by

49 CFR 571.500, as amended from time to time.

provision of this section shall have committed an infraction.

Sec. 34. Subsection (f) of section 14-12 of the general statutes is

repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective October

1, 2024):

(f) (1) The commissioner may refuse to register or issue a certificate

of title for a motor vehicle or class of motor vehicles if the commissioner

determines that the characteristics of the motor vehicle or class of motor

vehicles make it unsafe for highway operation. The commissioner may

adopt regulations, in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54, to

implement the provisions of this subsection and the provisions of

subsection (h) of this section.

(2) The commissioner shall not register a motor vehicle if the

commissioner knows that the motor vehicle's equipment fails to comply

with the provisions of this chapter, provided nothing contained in this

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section shall preclude the commissioner from issuing one or more

temporary registrations for a motor vehicle not previously registered in

this state or from issuing a temporary registration for a motor vehicle

under a trade name without a certified copy of the notice required by

section 35-1.

(3) The commissioner shall not register any motor vehicle, except a

platform truck the motive power of which is electricity, or a tractor

equipped with solid tires, if it is not equipped with lighting devices as

prescribed by this chapter. The registration of any motor vehicle which

is not equipped with such prescribed lighting devices is void and money

paid for the registration shall be forfeited to the state. Nothing in this

subdivision shall prevent the commissioner, at the commissioner's

discretion, from registering a motor vehicle not equipped with certain

lighting devices if the operation of the vehicle is restricted to daylight

use.

(4) The commissioner shall not register any motor vehicle or a

combination of a motor vehicle and a trailer or semitrailer that exceeds

the limits specified in section 14-267a.

(5) No motor vehicle registration shall be issued by the commissioner

for any motorcycle unless the application for registration is

accompanied by sufficient proof, as determined by the commissioner,

that the motorcycle is insured for the amounts required by section 14-

289f.

(6) The commissioner shall not register any motor vehicle which is

subject to the federal heavy vehicle use tax imposed under Section 4481

of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, or any subsequent corresponding

internal revenue code of the United States, as from time to time

amended, if the applicant fails to furnish proof of payment of such tax,

in a form prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury of the United

States.

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(7) The commissioner shall not issue a certificate of title for a

homemade low-speed vehicle or a golf cart that has been retrofitted

from the original manufacturer's specifications in an attempt to qualify

as a low-speed vehicle.

Sec. 35. Section 14-1 of the general statutes is repealed and the

following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective October 1, 2024):

Terms used in this chapter shall be construed as follows, unless

another construction is clearly apparent from the language or context in

which the term is used or unless the construction is inconsistent with

the manifest intention of the General Assembly:

(1) "Activity vehicle" means a student transportation vehicle that is

used to transport students in connection with school-sponsored events

and activities, but is not used to transport students to and from school;

(2) "Agricultural tractor" means a tractor or other form of

nonmuscular motive power used for transporting, hauling, plowing,

cultivating, planting, harvesting, reaping or other agricultural purposes

on any farm or other private property, or used for the purpose of

transporting, from one farm to another, agricultural implements and

farm products, provided the agricultural tractor is not used on any

highway for transporting a pay load or for some other commercial

purpose;

(3) "Antique, rare or special interest motor vehicle" means a motor

vehicle twenty years old or older which is being preserved because of

historic interest and which is not altered or modified from the original

manufacturer's specifications;

(4) "Apparent candle power" means an illumination equal to the

normal illumination in foot candles produced by any lamp or lamps,

divided by the square of the distance in feet between the lamp or lamps

and the point at which the measurement is made;

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(5) "Authorized emergency vehicle" means (A) a fire department

vehicle, (B) a police vehicle, or (C) an authorized emergency medical

services vehicle, as defined in section 19a-175;

(6) "Autocycle" means a motor vehicle that meets the requirements of

a motorcycle under 49 CFR Part 571, and (A) does not have more than

three wheels in contact with the ground, (B) is designed to be controlled

with a steering mechanism and foot pedals for acceleration, braking or

shifting, (C) has a seat or seats that are fully or partially enclosed and in

which the occupants sit with their legs forward, and (D) is equipped

with safety belts, in accordance with section 14-100a, for all occupants;

(7) "Auxiliary driving lamp" means an additional lighting device on

a motor vehicle used primarily to supplement the general illumination

in front of a motor vehicle provided by the motor vehicle's head lamps;

(8) "Bulb" means a light source consisting of a glass bulb containing a

filament or substance capable of being electrically maintained at

incandescence;

(9) "Camp trailer" includes any trailer designed for living or sleeping

purposes and used exclusively for camping or recreational purposes;

(10) "Camp trailer registration" means the type of registration issued

to any trailer that is for nonbusiness use and is limited to camp trailers

and utility trailers;

(11) "Camp vehicle" means any motor vehicle that is regularly used

to transport persons under eighteen years of age in connection with the

activities of any youth camp, as defined in section 19a-420;

(12) "Camper" means any motor vehicle designed or permanently

altered in such a way as to provide temporary living quarters for travel,

camping or recreational purposes;

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(13) "Class 1 electric bicycle" means an electric bicycle equipped with

a motor that engages only when the rider operates the electric bicycle's

foot pedals, and disengages when the rider stops pedaling or such

electric bicycle reaches the speed of twenty miles per hour;

(14) "Class 2 electric bicycle" means an electric bicycle equipped with

a motor that may be used exclusively to propel the electric bicycle, and

disengages when the brakes are applied or such electric bicycle reaches

the speed of twenty miles per hour;

(15) "Class 3 electric bicycle" means an electric bicycle equipped with

a motor that engages only when the rider operates the electric bicycle's

foot pedals, and disengages when the rider stops pedaling or such

electric bicycle reaches the speed of twenty-eight miles per hour;

(16) "Combination registration" means the type of registration issued

to a motor vehicle used for both private passenger and commercial

purposes if such vehicle does not have a gross vehicle weight rating in

excess of twelve thousand five hundred pounds;

(17) "Commercial driver's license" or "CDL" means a license issued to

an individual in accordance with the provisions of sections 14-44a to 14-

44m, inclusive, as amended by this act, which authorizes such

individual to drive a commercial motor vehicle;

(18) "Commercial driver's license information system" or "CDLIS"

means the national database of holders of commercial driver's licenses

established by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration

pursuant to Section 12007 of the Commercial Motor Vehicle Safety Act

of 1986;

(19) "Commercial motor vehicle" means a vehicle designed or used to

transport passengers or property, except a vehicle used for farming

purposes in accordance with 49 CFR 383.3(d), fire fighting apparatus or

an emergency vehicle, as defined in section 14-283, or a recreational

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vehicle in private use, which (A) has a gross vehicle weight rating of

twenty-six thousand and one pounds or more, or a gross combination

weight rating of twenty-six thousand and one pounds or more, inclusive

of a towed unit or units with a gross vehicle weight rating of more than

ten thousand pounds; (B) is designed to transport sixteen or more

passengers, including the driver, or is designed to transport more than

ten passengers, including the driver, and is used to transport students

under the age of twenty-one years to and from school; or (C) is

transporting hazardous materials and is required to be placarded in

accordance with 49 CFR 172, Subpart F, as amended, or any quantity of

a material listed as a select agent or toxin in 42 CFR Part 73;

(20) "Commercial registration" means the type of registration

required for any motor vehicle designed or used to transport

merchandise, freight or persons in connection with any business

enterprise, unless a more specific type of registration is authorized and

issued by the commissioner for such class of vehicle;

(21) "Commercial trailer" means a trailer used in the conduct of a

business to transport freight, materials or equipment whether or not

permanently affixed to the bed of the trailer;

(22) "Commercial trailer registration" means the type of registration

issued to any commercial trailer;

(23) "Commissioner" includes the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles

and any assistant to the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles who is

designated and authorized by, and who is acting for, the Commissioner

of Motor Vehicles under a designation; except that the deputy

commissioners of motor vehicles and the Attorney General are deemed,

unless the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles otherwise provides, to be

designated and authorized by, and acting for, the Commissioner of

Motor Vehicles under a designation;

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(24) "Controlled substance" has the same meaning as provided in

section 21a-240 and the federal laws and regulations incorporated in

chapter 420b;

(25) "Conviction" means an unvacated adjudication of guilt, or a

determination that a person has violated or failed to comply with the

law in a court of original jurisdiction or an authorized administrative

tribunal, an unvacated forfeiture of bail or collateral deposited to secure

the person's appearance in court, the payment of a fine or court cost, or

violation of a condition of release without bail, regardless of whether or

not the penalty is rebated, suspended or probated;

(26) "Dealer" includes any person actively engaged in buying, selling

or exchanging motor vehicles or trailers who has an established place of

business in this state and who may, incidental to such business, repair

motor vehicles or trailers, or cause them to be repaired by persons in his

or her employ;

(27) "Disqualification" means a withdrawal of the privilege to drive a

commercial motor vehicle, which occurs as a result of (A) any

suspension, revocation, or cancellation by the commissioner of the

privilege to operate a motor vehicle; (B) a determination by the Federal

Highway Administration, under the rules of practice for motor carrier

safety contained in 49 CFR 386, as amended from time to time, that a

person is no longer qualified to operate a commercial motor vehicle

under the standards set forth in 49 CFR 391, as amended from time to

time; or (C) the loss of qualification which follows any of the convictions

or administrative actions specified in section 14-44k, as amended by this

act;

(28) "Drive" means to drive, operate or be in physical control of a

motor vehicle, including a motor vehicle being towed by another;

(29) "Driver" means any person who drives, operates or is in physical

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control of a commercial motor vehicle, or who is required to hold a

commercial driver's license;

(30) "Driver's license" or "operator's license" means a valid

Connecticut motor vehicle operator's license or a license issued by

another state or foreign jurisdiction authorizing the holder thereof to

operate a motor vehicle on the highways;

(31) "Electric bicycle" means a bicycle equipped with operable foot

pedals and an electric motor of fewer than seven hundred fifty watts of

power that is either a class 1, class 2 or class 3 bicycle. "Electric bicycle"

does not include a dirt bike or an all-terrain vehicle;

(32) "Electric foot scooter" means a device (A) that weighs not more

than seventy-five pounds, (B) that has two or three wheels, handlebars

and a floorboard that can be stood upon while riding, (C) that is

maximum speed, with or without human propulsion on a paved level

surface, is not more than twenty miles per hour;

(33) "Employee" means any operator of a commercial motor vehicle,

including full-time, regularly employed drivers, casual, intermittent or

occasional drivers, drivers under contract and independent owner-

operator contractors, who, while in the course of operating a commercial

motor vehicle, are either directly employed by, or are under contract to,

an employer;

(34) "Employer" means any person, including the United States, a

state or any political subdivision thereof, who owns or leases a

commercial motor vehicle, or assigns a person to drive a commercial

motor vehicle;

(35) "Farm implement" means a vehicle designed and adapted

exclusively for agricultural, horticultural or livestock-raising operations

and which is not operated on a highway for transporting a pay load or

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for any other commercial purpose;

(36) "Felony" means any offense, as defined in section 53a-25 and

includes any offense designated as a felony under federal law;

(37) "Fatality" means the death of a person as a result of a motor

vehicle accident;

(38) "Foreign jurisdiction" means any jurisdiction other than a state of

the United States;

(39) "Fuels" means (A) all products commonly or commercially

known or sold as gasoline, including casinghead and absorption or

natural gasoline, regardless of their classification or uses, (B) any liquid

prepared, advertised, offered for sale or sold for use, or commonly and

commercially used, as a fuel in internal combustion engines, which,

when subjected to distillation in accordance with the standard method

of test for distillation of gasoline, naphtha, kerosene and similar

petroleum products by "American Society for Testing Materials Method

D-86", shows not less than ten per cent distilled (recovered) below 347°

Fahrenheit (175° Centigrade) and not less than ninety-five per cent

distilled (recovered) below 464° Fahrenheit (240° Centigrade); provided

the term "fuels" does not include commercial solvents or naphthas

which distill, by "American Society for Testing Materials Method D-86",

not more than nine per cent at 176° Fahrenheit and which have a

distillation range of 150° Fahrenheit, or less, or liquefied gases which

would not exist as liquids at a temperature of 60° Fahrenheit and a

pressure of 14.7 pounds per square inch absolute, and (C) any liquid

commonly referred to as "gasohol" which is prepared, advertised,

offered for sale or sold for use, or commonly and commercially used, as

a fuel in internal combustion engines, consisting of a blend of gasoline

and a minimum of ten per cent by volume of ethyl or methyl alcohol;

(40) "Garage" includes every place of business where motor vehicles

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are, for compensation, received for housing, storage or repair;

(41) "Gross vehicle weight rating" or "GVWR" means the value

specified by the manufacturer as the maximum loaded weight of a

single or a combination (articulated) vehicle. The GVWR of a

combination (articulated) vehicle commonly referred to as the "gross

combination weight rating" or GCWR is the GVWR of the power unit

plus the GVWR of the towed unit or units;

(42) "Gross weight" means the light weight of a vehicle plus the

weight of any load on the vehicle, provided, in the case of a tractor-

trailer unit, "gross weight" means the light weight of the tractor plus the

light weight of the trailer or semitrailer plus the weight of the load on

the vehicle;

(43) "Hazardous materials" has the same meaning as provided in 49

CFR 383.5;

(44) "Head lamp" means a lighting device affixed to the front of a

motor vehicle projecting a high intensity beam which lights the road in

front of the vehicle so that it can proceed safely during the hours of

darkness;

(45) "High-mileage vehicle" means a motor vehicle having the

following characteristics: (A) Not less than three wheels in contact with

the ground; (B) a completely enclosed seat on which the driver sits; (C)

a single or two cylinder, gasoline or diesel engine or an electric-powered

engine; and (D) efficient fuel consumption;

(46) "Highway" includes any state or other public highway, road,

street, avenue, alley, driveway, parkway, place or dedicated roadway

for bus rapid transit service, under the control of the state or any

political subdivision of the state, dedicated, appropriated or opened to

public travel or other use;

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(47) "Imminent hazard" means the existence of a condition that

presents a substantial likelihood that death, serious illness, severe

personal injury or a substantial endangerment to health, property, or the

environment may occur before the reasonably foreseeable completion

date of a formal proceeding begun to lessen the risk of that death, illness,

injury or endangerment;

(48) "Intersecting highway" includes any public highway which joins

another at an angle whether or not it crosses the other;

(49) "Light weight" means the weight of an unloaded motor vehicle

as ordinarily equipped and ready for use, exclusive of the weight of the

operator of the motor vehicle;

(50) "Limited access highway" means a state highway so designated

under the provisions of section 13b-27;

(51) "Local authorities" includes the board of aldermen, common

council, chief of police, warden and burgesses, board of selectmen or

other officials having authority for the enactment or enforcement of

traffic regulations within their respective towns, cities or boroughs;

(52) "Low-speed vehicle" has the same meaning as provided in 49

CFR 571.3, as amended from time to time;

[(52)] (53) "Maintenance vehicle" means any vehicle in use by the state

or by any town, city, borough or district, any state bridge or parkway

authority or any public service company, as defined in section 16-1, in

the maintenance of public highways or bridges and facilities located

within the limits of public highways or bridges;

[(53)] (54) "Manufacturer" means (A) a person, whether a resident or

nonresident, engaged in the business of constructing or assembling new

motor vehicles of a type required to be registered by the commissioner,

for operation upon any highway, except a utility trailer, which are

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offered for sale in this state, or (B) a person who distributes new motor

vehicles to new car dealers licensed in this state;

[(54)] (55) "Median divider" means an intervening space or physical

barrier or clearly indicated dividing section separating traffic lanes

provided for vehicles proceeding in opposite directions;

[(55)] (56) "Modified antique motor vehicle" means a motor vehicle

twenty years old or older which has been modified for safe road use,

including, but not limited to, modifications to the drive train,

suspension, braking system and safety or comfort apparatus;

[(56)] (57) "Motor bus" includes any motor vehicle, except a taxicab,

as defined in section 13b-95, operated in whole or in part on any street

or highway in a manner affording a means of transportation by

indiscriminately receiving or discharging passengers, or running on a

regular route or over any portion of a regular route or between fixed

termini;

[(57)] (58) "Motor home" means a vehicular unit designed to provide

living quarters and necessary amenities which are built into an integral

part of, or permanently attached to, a truck or van chassis;

[(58)] (59) "Motor-driven cycle" means any of the following vehicles

that have a seat height of not less than twenty-six inches and a motor

having a capacity of less than fifty cubic centimeters piston

displacement: (A) A motorcycle, other than an autocycle; (B) a motor

scooter; or (C) a bicycle with attached motor, except an electric bicycle;

[(59)] (60) "Motor vehicle" means any vehicle propelled or drawn by

any nonmuscular power, [except] including a low-speed vehicle. "Motor

vehicle" does not include aircraft, motor boats, road rollers, baggage

trucks used about railroad stations or other mass transit facilities,

electric battery-operated wheel chairs when operated by persons with

physical disabilities at speeds not exceeding fifteen miles per hour, golf

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carts operated on highways solely for the purpose of crossing from one

part of the golf course to another, golf-cart-type vehicles operated on

roads or highways on the grounds of state institutions by state

employees, agricultural tractors, farm implements, such vehicles as run

only on rails or tracks, self-propelled snow plows, snow blowers and

lawn mowers, when used for the purposes for which they were

designed and operated at speeds not exceeding four miles per hour,

whether or not the operator rides on or walks behind such equipment,

motor-driven cycles, as defined in section 14-286, special mobile

equipment, as defined in section 14-165, mini-motorcycles, as defined in

section 14-289j, electric bicycles, electric foot scooters and any other

vehicle not suitable for operation on a highway;

[(60)] (61) "Motorcycle" means (A) an autocycle, as defined in this

section, or (B) a motor vehicle, with or without a side car, that has (i) not

more than three wheels in contact with the ground, (ii) a saddle or seat

which the rider straddles or a platform on which the rider stands, and

(iii) handlebars with which the rider controls the movement of the

vehicle. "Motorcycle" does not include a motor-driven cycle, an electric

bicycle or an electric foot scooter;

[(61)] (62) "National Driver Registry" or "NDR" means the licensing

information system and database operated by the National Highway

Traffic Safety Administration and established pursuant to the National

Driver Registry Act of 1982, as amended;

[(62)] (63) "New motor vehicle" means a motor vehicle, the equitable

or legal title to which has never been transferred by a manufacturer,

distributor or dealer to an ultimate consumer;

[(63)] (64) "Nonresident" means any person whose legal residence is

in a state other than Connecticut or in a foreign country;

[(64)] (65) "Nonresident commercial driver's license" or "nonresident

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CDL" means a commercial driver's license issued by a state to an

individual who resides in a foreign jurisdiction;

[(65)] (66) "Nonskid device" means any device applied to the tires,

wheels, axles or frame of a motor vehicle for the purpose of increasing

the traction of the motor vehicle;

[(66)] (67) "Number plate" means any sign or marker furnished by the

commissioner on which is displayed the registration number assigned

to a motor vehicle by the commissioner;

[(67)] (68) "Officer" includes any constable, state marshal, inspector of

motor vehicles, state policeman or other official authorized to make

arrests or to serve process, provided the officer is in uniform or displays

the officer's badge of office in a conspicuous place when making an

arrest;

[(68)] (69) "Operator" means any person who operates a motor vehicle

or who steers or directs the course of a motor vehicle being towed by

another motor vehicle and includes a driver;

[(69)] (70) "Out-of-service order" means an order (A) issued by a

person having inspection authority, as defined in regulations adopted

by the commissioner pursuant to section 14-163c, or by an authorized

official of the United States Department of Transportation Federal

Motor Carrier Safety Administration pursuant to any provision of

federal law, to prohibit any motor vehicle specified in subsection (a) of

section 14-163c from being operated on any highway, or to prohibit a

driver from operating any such motor vehicle, or (B) issued by the

United States Department of Transportation Federal Motor Carrier

Safety Administration, pursuant to any provision of federal law, to

prohibit any motor carrier, as defined in Section 386.2 of Title 49 of the

Code of Federal Regulations, from engaging in commercial motor

vehicle operations;

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[(70)] (71) "Owner" means any person holding title to a motor vehicle,

or having the legal right to register the same, including purchasers

under conditional bills of sale;

[(71)] (72) "Parked vehicle" means a motor vehicle in a stationary

position within the limits of a public highway;

[(72)] (73) "Passenger and commercial motor vehicle" means a motor

vehicle used for private passenger and commercial purposes which is

eligible for combination registration;

[(73)] (74) "Passenger motor vehicle" means a motor vehicle used for

the private transportation of persons and their personal belongings,

designed to carry occupants in comfort and safety, with a capacity of

carrying not more than ten passengers including the operator thereof;

[(74)] (75) "Passenger registration" means the type of registration

issued to a passenger motor vehicle unless a more specific type of

registration is authorized and issued by the commissioner for such class

of vehicle;

[(75)] (76) "Person" includes any individual, corporation, limited

liability company, association, copartnership, company, firm, business

trust or other aggregation of individuals but does not include the state

or any political subdivision thereof, unless the context clearly states or

requires;

[(76)] (77) "Pick-up truck" means a motor vehicle with an enclosed

forward passenger compartment and an open rearward compartment

used for the transportation of property;

[(77)] (78) "Pneumatic tires" means tires inflated or inflatable with air;

[(78)] (79) "Pole trailer" means a trailer which is (A) intended for

transporting long or irregularly shaped loads such as poles, logs, pipes

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or structural members, which loads are capable of sustaining

themselves as beams between supporting connections, and (B) designed

to be drawn by a motor vehicle and attached or secured directly to the

motor vehicle by any means including a reach, pole or boom;

[(79)] (80) "Public passenger endorsement" means an endorsement

issued to an individual, which authorizes such individual to transport

passengers, including, but not limited to, passengers who are students

in accordance with subsection (b) or (c) of section 14-36a;

[(80)] (81) "Recreational vehicle" includes the camper, camp trailer

and motor home classes of vehicles;

[(81)] (82) "Registration" includes the certificate of motor vehicle

registration and the number plate or plates used in connection with such

registration;

[(82)] (83) "Registration number" means the identifying number or

letters, or both, assigned by the commissioner to a motor vehicle;

[(83)] (84) "Resident", for the purpose of registering motor vehicles,

includes any person who is a legal resident of this state, as the

commissioner may presume from the fact that such person occupies a

place of dwelling in this state for more than six months in a year, or any

person, firm or corporation owning or leasing a motor vehicle used or

operated in intrastate business in this state, or a firm or corporation

having its principal office or place of business in this state;

[(84)] (85) "School bus" means any school bus, as defined in section

14-275, including a commercial motor vehicle used to transport

preschool, elementary school or secondary school students from home

to school, from school to home, or to and from school-sponsored events,

but does not include a bus used as a common carrier;

[(85)] (86) "Second" violation or "subsequent" violation means an

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offense committed not more than three years after the date of an arrest

which resulted in a previous conviction for a violation of the same

statutory provision, except in the case of a violation of section 14-215,

14-224, 14-227a or 14-227m, "second" violation or "subsequent" violation

means an offense committed not more than ten years after the date of an

arrest which resulted in a previous conviction for a violation of the same

statutory provision;

[(86)] (87) "Semitrailer" means any trailer type vehicle designed and

used in conjunction with a motor vehicle so that some part of its own

weight and load rests on or is carried by another vehicle;

[(87)] (88) "Serious traffic violation" means a conviction of any of the